Population: 12.3 million GDP Growth: 3.2% Inflation Rate: 5.7% Unemployment: 11.4% Literacy Rate: 34.5% Latest Census: 2020
Population: 12.3 million GDP Growth: 3.2% Inflation Rate: 5.7% Unemployment: 11.4% Literacy Rate: 34.5% Latest Census: 2020

Population Statistics

Comprehensive data and analysis on population size, distribution, growth trends, and demographic characteristics across South Sudan.

Key Population Indicators (2023)

Total Population

12.3M

+2.8% annual growth

Population Density

19.5/km²

+0.5 from 2022

Urbanization Rate

24.8%

+1.2% from 2022

Median Age

18.7

+0.3 from 2022

Population Structure and Trends

Population Pyramid (2023)

Population Growth Trends (2015-2023)

Detailed Population Analysis

Age and Gender Distribution (2023)

Population by Age Group

Age Group Male Population Female Population Total % of Total Sex Ratio (M/F)
0-14 years 2,485,200 2,452,800 4,938,000 40.1% 101.3
15-24 years 1,285,500 1,315,200 2,600,700 21.1% 97.7
25-54 years 1,658,300 1,752,100 3,410,400 27.7% 94.6
55-64 years 385,200 412,500 797,700 6.5% 93.4
65+ years 285,400 318,800 604,200 4.9% 89.5
Total 6,099,600 6,251,400 12,351,000 100% 97.6

Demographic Structure Analysis

South Sudan has a very youthful population with 61.2% under 25 years and a median age of 18.7 years. This youth bulge presents both opportunities for economic growth and challenges for job creation and service delivery. The population has a slightly higher proportion of females (50.6%) than males (49.4%), with the gender gap widening in older age groups due to higher male mortality.

Household Characteristics

Household Size Distribution (2023)

Household Composition

Average Household Size

5.8 persons per household, with significant variation between urban (5.2) and rural (6.1) areas. Extended family structures remain common.

Female-Headed Households

28% of households are female-headed, increasing to 42% in urban areas. These households face particular economic vulnerabilities and higher poverty rates.

Multigenerational Households

65% of households include three or more generations, reflecting traditional family structures and mutual support systems, particularly in rural areas.

Child-Headed Households

Approximately 3% of households are headed by children under 18, primarily as a result of conflict, displacement, and disease-related adult mortality.

Household Dynamics

Household structures in South Sudan reflect both traditional patterns and adaptations to conflict and displacement. The high proportion of female-headed and child-headed households indicates significant social transformation and highlights specific vulnerabilities that require targeted policy responses.

Population Projections

Population Projections to 2050

Year Low Variant Medium Variant High Variant Urban Population Rural Population Dependency Ratio
2025 13.2M 13.5M 13.8M 3.5M (26%) 10.0M (74%) 92.4
2030 14.8M 15.4M 16.0M 4.6M (30%) 10.8M (70%) 88.7
2035 16.5M 17.4M 18.3M 6.1M (35%) 11.3M (65%) 84.2
2040 18.2M 19.6M 21.0M 8.0M (41%) 11.6M (59%) 79.5
2045 19.8M 21.8M 23.8M 10.3M (47%) 11.5M (53%) 74.8
2050 21.4M 24.0M 26.6M 13.0M (54%) 11.0M (46%) 70.2

Projection Implications

Population projections indicate continued rapid growth, with the population potentially doubling by 2050. This growth will place significant pressure on resources, infrastructure, and service delivery systems. Rapid urbanization is projected to continue, with urban populations growing faster than rural populations.

Policy Considerations

Planning for this population growth requires investments in education, healthcare, housing, and job creation. The declining dependency ratio presents a potential demographic dividend if accompanied by appropriate investments in human capital and economic opportunities for the growing working-age population.

Related Resources

Population Census 2020 Report

Comprehensive analysis of population data from the 2020 census.

Download PDF

Population Data Dashboard

Interactive population data visualization and analysis platform.

Access Dashboard

Population Projections

Future population scenarios and demographic projections to 2050.

View Projections